PXIe-5668 Specifications

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Updated2024-06-13
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These specifications apply to the PXIe-5668 (14 GHz) Vector Signal Analyzer and the PXIe-5668 (26.5 GHz) Vector Signal Analyzer with 320/765 MHz bandwidth, 200 MHz bandwidth, or 80 MHz bandwidth.

When not otherwise specified, the specifications for the PXIe-5668 in this document refer to both the PXIe-5668 (14 GHz) and the PXIe-5668 (26.5 GHz).

The PXIe-5668 comprises the following modules:

PXIe-5606 RF Signal Downconverter
PXIe-5624 IF Digitizer
PXIe-5653 RF Analog Signal Generator

There is no single device labeled "PXIe-5668."

In this document, preamplifier refers to the onboard 3.6 GHz preamplifier, not the external PXIe-5698 preamplifier module.

Definitions

Warranted specifications describe the performance of a model under stated operating conditions and are covered by the model warranty.

Characteristics describe values that are relevant to the use of the model under stated operating conditions but are not covered by the model warranty.

Typical specifications describe the performance met by a majority of models.
Typical-95 specifications describe the performance met by 95% (≈2σ) of models with a 95% confidence.
Nominal specifications describe an attribute that is based on design, conformance testing, or supplemental testing.

Specifications are Warranted unless otherwise noted.

Conditions

Warranted specifications are valid under the following conditions unless otherwise noted.

Over ambient temperature ranges of 0 °C to 55 °C.
30 minutes warm-up time.
Calibration cycle is maintained and individual modules are calibrated.
Chassis fan speed is set to high. In addition, NI recommends using slot blockers and EMC filler panels in empty module slots to minimize temperature drift and reduce emissions.
The PXIe-5606, PXIe-5624, and PXIe-5653 are used as the downconverter, digitizer, and LO source, respectively.
The PXIe-5653 onboard 4 GHzLO2 OUTPUT is used, after dividing by 2, as the Sample Clock for the PXIe-5624.
Modules are connected with NI cables as shown in the NI PXIe-5668R Getting Started Guide.
NI-RFSA instrument driver is used.
Self-calibration is performed after the specified warm-up period has completed.
For the PXIe-5606, the Channel Coupling property is set to DC Coupled for RF tuned frequencies less than 16 kHz and is set to AC Coupled for downconverter center frequencies greater than or equal to 16 kHz. For center frequencies less than 16 kHz, remove the DC block accessory from the PXIe-5606RF IN connector to measure as low as 20 Hz.

Note The PXIe-5606 has an external DC block. Components in the PXIe-5606 can be damaged when DC signals are applied directly to the RF IN connector. The PXIe-5606 ships with a 2.92 mm DC block attached to the RF IN connector to prevent damage to the device when a DC input signal is present. The DC block must be removed to make measurements at frequencies less than 16 kHz. NI recommends that you keep the DC block attached to the RF IN connector for all measurements at frequencies greater than or equal to 16 kHz to maximize the accuracy of the device. Refer to the PXIe-5668 Getting Started Guide on ni.com/manuals for more information about reinstalling the DC block for the PXIe-5606.

Typical specifications are valid under the following condition unless otherwise noted.

Over ambient temperature ranges of 23 °C± 5 °C

Frequency

Frequency range¹ The PXIe-5668 maximum center frequency is either 14 GHz or 26.5 GHz depending on the hardware option you purchased.
PXIe-5668 14 GHz VSA	20 Hz to 14 GHz
PXIe-5668 26.5 GHz VSA	20 Hz to 26.5 GHz

Tuning resolution^[2]² Tuning resolution refers to the digital downconversion (DDC) tuning resolution.

533 nHz

Bandwidth

Equalized Bandwidth

Table 1. PXIe-5668 Equalized Bandwidth
Frequency Range^[3]³ The PXIe-5668 maximum center frequency is either 14 GHz or 26.5 GHz depending on the hardware option purchased.	RF VSA Bandwidth Configuration	Equalized Bandwidth
>10 MHz to 3.41 GHz	80 MHz (Standard)	80 MHz
	200 MHz (Optional)	200 MHz
	320 MHz (Optional)	320 MHz
>3.41 GHz to 14 GHz	80 MHz (Standard)	80 MHz
	200 MHz (Optional)	200 MHz
	320 MHz (Optional)	320 MHz
>3.6 GHz to 14 GHz	765 MHz (Optional)	765 MHz
>14 GHz to 26.5 GHz	80 MHz (Standard)	80 MHz
	200 MHz (Optional)	200 MHz
	320 MHz (Optional)	320 MHz
	765 MHz (Optional)	765 MHz
Note Equalization is performed by digital filters in the digitizer. The IF through path is limited to either 80 MHz, 200 MHz, 320 MHz, or 765 MHz, depending on the option purchased. IF response self-calibration is performed with the preselector disabled. When using the preselector on the PXIe-5606, the signal is not equalized.

Resolution Bandwidth

Bandwidth range
Standard	<1 Hz to 80 MHz (typical)
Optional	<1 Hz to 200 MHz (typical) or <1 Hz to 320 MHz (typical)^[4]⁴ Available bandwidth range depends on hardware option purchased.

Selectivity, 60 dB : 3 dB ratio
Flat Top window	2.5 (typical)
7-term Blackman-Harris window	4.1 (typical)

Note These additional window types are supported: Uniform, Hanning, Hamming, Blackman-Harris, Exact Blackman, Blackman, Flat Top, 4-term Blackman-Harris, Low Side Lobe, Gaussian, and Kaiser-Bessel.

Dither

Dithering adds band-limited noise in the analog signal path to help reduce the quantization effects of the ADC and improve spectral performance. When you enable dithering, the maximum signal level that can be present at the IF port on the PXIe-5624 is reduced up to 2 dB. The maximum IF input power with dither disabled is 8 dBm, and the maximum IF input power level with dither enabled is 6 dBm. When dithering is enabled, the I/Q data is dithered even if the dither signal is not visible within the displayed spectrum. The dither signal on the device may appear in the I/Q data for large I/Q rates, as shown in the following table.

Table 2. PXIe-5668 Dither Signal Conditions
IF Filter	Minimum I/Q Rate with 25 MHz Dither Cutoff Frequency	Minimum I/Q Rate with 50 MHz Dither Cutoff Frequency
300 kHz	>348 MS/s	>298 MS/s
5 MHz	>330 MS/s	>280 MS/s
100 MHz	>325 MS/s	>275 MS/s
320 MHz	Not present	Not present
765 MHz	500 MS/s for 800 MHz FPGA image⁵ Dither signal not present for 400 MHz FPGA image.^[5]	500 MS/s for 800 MHz FPGA image^[5]
Note The dither signal is filtered out by NI-RFSA when calling the niRFSA Read Power Spectrum VI, but it may still be present when performing an I/Q acquisition measurement. This can affect the data displayed when using zero span measurements and when processing I/Q data over sampled signals. The dither signal can also cause an I/Q power edge trigger error.

Frequency Reference

Internal Frequency Reference^[6]⁶ The PXIe-5653 reference oscillator determines this specification.

Frequency

10 MHz

Initial calibration accuracy

±50 × 10^-9 over a temperature range from 15 °C to 35 °C

Temperature stability
15 °C to 35 °C	±10 × 10^-9 (maximum)
0 °C to 55 °C	±50 × 10^-9

Aging after 30 days of continuous operation
Per day	±0.5 × 10^-9 (maximum)
Per year	±100 × 10^-9 (maximum)

Accuracy

Initial Calibration Accuracy ± Aging ± Temperature Stability

External Frequency Reference Input^[8]

Frequency

5 MHz to 100 MHz in 1 MHz steps

Lock range

±0.2 × 10^-6

Peak-to-peak amplitude (Vpk-pk)

0.5 V to 2.0 V into 50 Ω (≥1 V recommended)

Peak-to-peak absolute maximum amplitude (Vpk-pk)

5 V

Input impedance

50 Ω, nominal, AC coupled

Connector

SMA

REF OUT 10 MHz reference output^[7]⁷ The PXIe-565310 MHz reference oscillator output determines this specification. System frequency accuracy error is equal to Y * (f/10 MHz), where Y is equal to the 10 MHz frequency error and f is equal to the frequency. For example, a frequency accuracy error at 20 MHz equals twice the 10 MHz frequency accuracy error.

Accuracy

10 MHz * Frequency Reference Accuracy

Peak-to-peak amplitude (Vpk-pk)
Maximum	2 V into 50 Ω
Typical	1.2 V into 50 Ω
Minimum	0.71 V into 50 Ω

Coupling

AC coupled

Connector

SMA

REF OUT 100 MHz reference output⁸ The PXIe-5653 reference oscillator determines this specification.^[8]

Accuracy

100 MHz * Frequency Reference Accuracy

Peak-to-peak amplitude (Vpk-pk)
Maximum	2 V into 50 Ω
Typical	1.0 V into 50 Ω
Minimum	0.71 V into 50 Ω

Coupling

AC coupled

Connector

SMA

Spectral Purity

Single Sideband (SSB) Phase Noise at 800 MHz

Table 3. SSB Phase Noise (dBc/Hz, Typical)
Offset	Phase Noise (dBc/Hz)
Offset	23 °C ± 5 °C	0 °C to 55 °C
10 Hz	—	-87 (nominal)
100 Hz	-106	-105
1 kHz	-129	-127
10 kHz	-129	-128
100 kHz	-128	-127
1 MHz	-140	-140
Note Phase noise values use PXIe-5653 internal frequency reference, PXIe-5624 digitizer directly clocked, dithering enabled and the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property set to Normal. Refer to the following figures for phase noise performance at additional offsets, frequencies, and with the preselector enabled.

1378 — Figure 1. Phase Noise at 100 MHz, 800 MHz, 4 GHz, and 8 GHz (Nominal, Direct Clocking, Dithering Enabled, Preselector Disabled, and Spurs Not Shown)

Residual FM (RMS) at 800 MHz

10 Hz to 10 kHz

<0.5 Hz, typical

AM Noise

Amplitude

Amplitude Range

Amplitude range

Average Noise Level to +30 dBm (nominal)^[9]⁹ Refer to the Maximum Safe Continuous RF Power section for the lower amplitude range limit under specific conditions.

RF input attenuation
Electronic	0 dB to 30 dB in 1 dB steps (20 Hz to 3.6 GHz)
Mechanical	0 dB to 75 dB in 5 dB steps (20 Hz to 26.5 GHz)

Note The recommended lifetime for each section of the mechanical attenuator is 5 million cycles per the manufacturer's specification.

Display Average Noise Level

Table 4. PXIe-5668 Display Average Noise Level, Preamplifier Disabled and Preselector Disabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)
20 Hz to 200 kHz	—	—	—	-92
>200 kHz to 10 MHz	-151	-153	-150	-152
>10 MHz to 100 MHz	-154	-155	-153	-155
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	-155	-157	-155	-157
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	-154	-157	-154	-156
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	-151	-154	-151	-154
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	-149	-151	-149	-150
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	-153	-157	-152	-157
>5 GHz to 14 GHz	-153	-156	-151	-156
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	-147	-150	-145	-148
>17 GHz to 24 GHz	-150	-154	-150	-152
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-148	-150	-146	-149
Note Values are based on input-terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation for center frequency ≥ 10 MHz, 300 kHz, 5 MHz, 100 MHz, and 320 MHz IF filter, ≤-50 dBm reference level, and >10 averages. Log average noise level is normalized to a 1 Hz noise bandwidth.

Table 5. PXIe-5668 Display Average Noise Level, Preamplifier Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)
10 MHz to 30 MHz	-164	-167	-163	-166
>30 MHz to 100 MHz	-165	-168	-164	-166
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	-167	-169	-166	-166
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	-165	-167.5	-165	-167
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	-164	-166	-163	-165
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	-163	-165	-162	-164
Note Values are based on input-terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation, 300 kHz, 5 MHz, 100 MHz, and 320 MHz IF filter, ≤-50 dBm reference level, and >10 averages. Log average noise level normalized to a 1 Hz noise bandwidth.

Table 6. PXIe-5668 Display Average Noise Level, Preselector Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	-149	-152	-149	-152
>5 GHz to 14 GHz	-149	-152.5	-149	-152
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	-143	-148	-144	-148
>17 GHz to 22 GHz	-146	-150	-146	-150
>22 GHz to 24 GHz	-145	-149	-144	-149
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-143	-149	-142	-149
Note Values are based on input-terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation, 300 kHz, 5 MHz, and 100 MHz IF filter, ≤-50 dBm reference level, and >10 averages. Log average noise level normalized to a 1 Hz noise bandwidth.

Table 7. PXIe-5668 Display Average Noise Level, 765 MHz Bandwidth
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)	Specification (dBm/Hz)	Typical (dBm/Hz)
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	-154	-157	-153	-156
>5 GHz to 14 GHz	-153	-156	-152	-155
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	-146	-150	-145	-150
>17 GHz to 24 GHz	-148	-154	-148	-153
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-147	-154	-146	-150
Note Values are based on input-terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation, 765 MHz filter, ≤-50 dBm reference level, and >10 averages. Log average noise level normalized to a 1 Hz noise bandwidth.

Amplitude Accuracy

Frequency Response

Table 8. PXIe-5668 Frequency Response, Preamplifier Disabled and Preselector Disabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C	0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Typical (dB)	Typical (dB)
10 MHz to 100 MHz	±0.06	±0.09
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	±0.09	±0.11
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	±0.13	±0.18
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	±0.12	±0.38
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	±0.12	±0.38
Note Frequency response is measured relative to the 612.5 MHz calibration tone frequency. Values are based on 100 MHz IF filter for center frequency ≥100 MHz, 300 kHz IF filter for center frequency <100 MHz, signal-to-noise ratio >20 dB, and using the automatic calibration correction of the NI-RFSA instrument driver within ±5 °C of the temperature at the last calibration. RF attenuation is 20 dB for frequencies <10 MHz and is 10 dB for frequencies >10 MHz.

Table 9. PXIe-5668 Frequency Response, Preamplifier Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C	0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Typical (dB)	Typical (dB)
10 MHz to 100 MHz	±0.15	±0.15
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	±0.10	±0.10
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	±0.02	±0.10
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	±0.13	±0.08
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	±0.14	±0.26
Note Frequency response is measured relative to the 612.5 MHz calibration tone frequency. Values are based on a 100 MHz filter for center frequency ≥100 MHz, 300 kHz IF filter for center frequency <100 MHz, signal-to-noise ratio >20 dB, and using automatic calibration correction of the NI-RFSA instrument driver within ±5 °C of the temperature at the last calibration. RF attenuation is 10 dB for frequencies >10 MHz.

Absolute Amplitude Accuracy

Table 10. PXIe-5668 Absolute Amplitude Accuracy, Preamplifier Disabled and Preselector Disabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C			0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dB)	2σ (dB)	Typical (dB)	Specification (dB)	Typical (dB)
612.5 MHz	±0.57	±0.28	±0.21	±0.75	±0.37
>10 MHz to 100 MHz	±0.66	±0.35	±0.27	±0.85	±0.46
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	±0.68	±0.38	±0.30	±0.87	±0.44
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	±0.72	±0.35	±0.34	±0.96	±0.55
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	±0.73	±0.33	±0.25	±0.87	±0.44
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	±0.73	±0.42	±0.33	±1.29	±0.75
>3.6 GHz to 8.5 GHz	±0.82	±0.47	±0.40	±1.70	±1.07
>8.5 GHz to 14 GHz	±0.91	±0.56	±0.48	±2.08	±1.35
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	±0.94	±0.58	±0.48	±1.98	±1.27
>17 GHz to 20 GHz	±1.19	±0.76	±0.64	±2.32	±1.52
>20 GHz to 26.5 GHz	±1.50	±1.00	±0.83	±2.99	±1.98
Values are based on -10 dBm to -50 dBm reference level, 100 MHz IF filter for center frequency ≥100 MHz, 300 kHz IF filter for center frequency <100 MHz, and using automatic calibration correction of the NI-RFSA instrument driver within ±5 °C of the temperature at the last calibration. RF attenuation is 20 dB for frequencies <10 MHz and is 10 dB for frequencies >10 MHz. The absolute amplitude accuracy is measured at the center frequency. The absolute amplitude accuracy measurements are made after the hardware has settled. The high band to low band signal path transitions can take up to 200 ms for hardware to settle to within 0.1 dB of the final amplitude.

Table 11. PXIe-5668 Absolute Amplitude Accuracy, Preamplifier Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C			0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dB)	2σ (dB)	Typical (dB)	Specification (dB)	Typical (dB)
612.5 MHz	±0.96	±0.66	±0.56	±1.95	±1.75
>10 MHz to 100 MHz	±1.16	±0.80	±0.70	±2.8	±2.00
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	±1.08	±0.80	±0.70	±2.30	±1.90
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	±1.0	±0.78	±0.65	±2.30	±1.90
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	±1.15	±0.68	±0.60	±2.30	±1.90
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	±1.16	±0.65	±0.58	±2.20	±1.70
Values are based on -20 dBm to -50 dBm reference level, 100 MHz IF filter for center frequency ≥100 MHz, 300 kHz IF filter for center frequency <100 MHz, and using automatic calibration correction of the NI-RFSA instrument driver within ±5 °C of the temperature at the last calibration. RF attenuation is 20 dB for frequencies <10 MHz and is 10 dB for frequencies >10 MHz. The absolute amplitude accuracy is measured at the center frequency. The absolute amplitude accuracy measurements are made after the hardware has settled. The high band to low band signal path transitions can take up to 200 ms for hardware to settle to within 0.1 dB of the final amplitude.

Table 12. PXIe-5668 Absolute Amplitude Accuracy, Preselector Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C			0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dB)	2σ (dB)	Typical (dB)	Specification (dB)	Typical (dB)
>3.6 GHz to 8.5 GHz	±1.60	±1.08	±0.84	±2.80	±1.69
>8.5 GHz to 14 GHz	±1.51	±0.98	±0.73	±2.48	±1.50
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	±1.60	±1.09	±0.85	±2.45	±1.54
>17 GHz to 20 GHz	±2.11	±1.42	±1.08	±3.24	±2.01
>20 GHz to 26.5 GHz	±2.31	±1.61	±1.26	±3.02	±1.99
Values are based on -10 dBm to -50 dBm reference level, 10 dBRF attenuation, 100 MHz IF filter, and using the automatic calibration correction of the NI-RFSA instrument driver within ±5 °C of a self-calibration. The absolute amplitude accuracy is measured at the center frequency. The absolute amplitude accuracy measurements are made after the hardware has settled. The high band to low band signal path transitions can take up to 200 ms for hardware to settle to within 0.1 dB of the final amplitude.

Spurious Responses

Non-Input-Related (Residual) Spurs^[10]¹⁰ Non-input-related spurs (residual spurs) are the responses observed when no input signal is present. The non-input-related spur values are based on ambient temperature of 23 °C ± 5 °C, RF input terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation, and -60 dBm reference level using 300 kHz and 5 MHz IF bandwidth.

Table 13. PXIe-5668 Non-Input-Related (Residual) Spurs, Preselector Disabled(23 °C ± 5 °C)
Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz	-110	-115
>3.6 GHz to 11 GHz	-110	-115
>11 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-97	-105

Table 14. PXIe-5668 Non-Input-Related (Residual) Spurs, Preselector Disabled(23 °C ± 5 °C), 100 MHz Instantaneous Bandwidth (BW) Path
Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz	-99	-102
>3.6 GHz to 11 GHz	-102	-105
>11 GHz to 24 GHz	-92	-98
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-91	-95

Higher-Order RF Responses^[11]¹¹ Higher-order RF responses are responses resulting from RF second-order and higher-order harmonic-related spurs.

Table 15. PXIe-5668 Higher-Order RF Responses (23 °C ± 5 °C, Typical)
Center Frequency	Higher-Order RF Responses (dBc)
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz	-47
>3.6 GHz to 14 GHz	-92
>14 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-92
Note The higher-order RF responses (n > 1) are measured greater than 10 MHz offset from the carrier signal at a mixer level of -10 dBm for center frequencies less than or equal to 3.6 GHz and a mixer level of -40 dBm for center frequencies greater than 3.6 GHz. The preamplifier is disabled. The preselector is enabled for center frequencies greater than 3.6 GHz.

Image Rejection

Table 16. RF Image Rejection
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C ± 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBc)	Typical (dBc)	Specification (dBc)	Typical (dBc)
100 MHz to 3.6 GHz	-98	-102	-96	-100
>3.6 GHz to 14 GHz	-81	-85	-80	-84
>14 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-74	-78	-73	-77
Note Values are based on 0 dBm input signal, 10 dB RF attenuation, and 0 dBm reference level. For frequencies less than 3.6 GHz, the IF filter is 100 MHz or 320 MHz and the preamplifier is disabled. For frequencies greater than 3.6 GHz, the preselector is enabled and the IF filter is 100 MHz.

Table 17. IF Image Rejection, Center Frequency <3.6 GHz
	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBc, Typical)	0 °C ± 55 °C (dBc, Typical)
Second IF (Direct)	-65	-63
Second IF (Translated)	-53	-53
Third IF (Direct)	-95	-95
Third IF (Translated)	-95	-95
Note IF image rejection describes the rejection of a signal incident on the signal analyzer at the second or third mixer image frequency or at the second or third mixer image frequency, translated to the RF input frequency by the first mixer relative to the level of a signal incident at other tuned frequencies. Note Values are based on 0 dBm input signal, 10 dB RF attenuation, 0 dBm reference level, 100 MHz or 320 MHz IF filter, and preamplifier disabled.

Table 18. Second IF Image Rejection, Center Frequency >3.6 GHz
Preselector	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBc, Typical)	0 °C ± 55 °C (dBc, Typical)
Enabled	-93	-93
Disabled	-84	-84
Note Second IF image rejection describes the rejection of a signal incident on the signal analyzer at the second mixer image frequency or at the second mixer image frequency, translated to the RF input frequency by the first mixer relative to the level of a signal incident at other tuned frequencies. Note Values are based on 0 dBm input signal, 10 dB RF attenuation, 0 dBm reference level, and 100 MHz IF filter.

IF Rejection^[12]¹² Refer to the IF Frequencies section for the IF1, IF2, and IF3 frequency definitions.

Table 19. IF Rejection, Center Frequency <3.6 GHz¹³ IF rejection describes the rejection of a signal incident on the signal analyzer at a multiple or sub-multiple of the IF frequency relative to the level of a signal incident at other tuned frequencies.^[13]
	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBc, Typical)	0 °C ± 55 °C (dBc, Typical)
Half IF	-60	-59
First IF	-72	-70
Second IF	-74	-74
Third IF	-63	-63
Note Values are based on 0 dBm input signal, 10 dB RF attenuation, 0 dBm reference level, 100 MHz or 320 MHz IF filter, and preamplifier disabled.

Table 20. IF Rejection, Center Frequency >3.6 GHz, 100 MHz IF Filter^[13]
	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBc, Typical)	0 °C ± 55 °C (dBc, Typical)
Half IF	-91	-91
First IF (3.6 GHz to 14 GHz)	-83	-82
First IF (14 GHz to 26.5 GHz)	-80	-79
Second IF	-83	-83
Note Values are based on 0 dBm input signal, 10 dB RF attenuation, and 0 dBm reference level.

Table 21. IF Rejection, Center Frequency >3.6 GHz, 320 MHz IF Filter^[13]
	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBc, Typical)	0 °C ± 55 °C (dBc, Typical)
First IF	-60	-59
Note Values are based on 0 dBm input signal, 10 dB RF attenuation, 0 dBm reference level, and preselector disabled.

Linearity

Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion

Table 22. PXIe-5668 Input Third-Order Intercept Point (IP₃), Preamplifier Disabled and YTF Disabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
10 MHz to 100 MHz	+16.0	+19.0	+15.0	+17.0
>100 MHz to 1 GHz	+21.0	+24.0	+20.0	+23.0
>1 GHz to 2 GHz	+23.0	+26.0	+22.0	+25.0
>2 GHz to 2.8 GHz	+23.0	+26.0	+22.0	+25.0
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	+25.0	+28.0	+24.0	+27.0
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	+6.0	+13.0	+5.0	+12.0
>5 GHz to 7.5 GHz	+10.3	+14.0	+5.0	+13.0
>7.5 GHz to 14 GHz	—	+19.0	—	+19.0
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	—	+19.0	—	+17.0
>17 GHz to 26.5 GHz	—	+20.0	—	+20.0
Note Values are based on two -10 dBm input tones (-10 dBm equivalent mixer level) at 700 kHz apart, 0 dB RF attenuation, preamplifier disabled, -10 dBm reference level, and the 300 kHz IF filter. Specifications for frequencies greater than 3.6 GHz apply when the preselector is disabled. Mixer level is equivalent to input signal level minus RF attenuation.

Table 23. PXIe-5668 Input Third-Order Intercept Point (IP₃), Preamplifier Disabled and YTF Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	+11.0	+19.0	+10.0	+18.0
>5 GHz to 7.5 GHz	+11.0	+21.0	+14.0	+18.0
>7.5 GHz to 14 GHz	+15.5	+22.0	+17.0	+21.0
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	+14.0	+22.0	+15.0	+19.0
>17 GHz to 26.5 GHz	+17.0	+23.5	+19.5	+22.0
Note Values are based on two -10 dBm input tones (-10 dBm equivalent mixer level) at 700 kHz apart, 0 dB RF attenuation, preamplifier disabled, -10 dBm reference level, and the 300 kHz IF filter. Mixer level is equivalent to input signal level minus RF attenuation.

Table 24. PXIe-5668 Input Third-Order Intercept Point (IP₃), Preamplifier Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
10 MHz to 500 MHz	-16	-14	-18	-16
>500 MHz to 2 GHz	-14	-13	-16	-14
>2 GHz to 3 GHz	-12	-9	-13	-9
>3 GHz to 3.6 GHz	-9	-6	-9	-8
Note Values are based on two -30 dBm tones (-30 dBm equivalent mixer level) spaced at 700 kHz apart, 0 dB RF attenuation, preamplifier enabled, -30 dBm reference level, and the 300 kHz filter. Mixer level is equivalent to input signal level minus RF attenuation plus preamplifier gain.

Second Harmonic Distortion (Input SHI)

Table 25. PXIe-5668 Input SHI, Preamplifier Disabled, Signal Conditioning High Pass Filter (HPF) Enabled, and Preselector Enabled
Source Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Source Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
50 MHz to 700 MHz	—	+40	—	+35
>700 MHz to 1 GHz	+70	+75	+69	+74
>1 GHz to 1.8 GHz	+71	+74	+70	+72
>1.8 GHz to 7 GHz	+62	+68	+61	+66
>7 GHz to 8.5 GHz	+58	+68	+57	+66
>8.5 GHz to 11 GHz	+58	+70	+57	+68
>11 GHz to 13.25 GHz	+58	+70	+57	+68
Note Values are based on a -10 dBm mixer level and 300 kHz IF filter. Mixer level is equivalent to input signal level minus RF attenuation. For center frequencies greater than 3.6 GHz, the preselector is enabled.

Table 26. PXIe-5668 Input SHI, Preamplifier Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
50 MHz to 100 MHz	-7	-5	-8	-6
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	-6	-3	-7	-5
>300 MHz to 1 GHz	-5	-2	-6	-3
>1 GHz to 1.8 GHz	-2	+2	-3	-1
Note Values are based on a -40 dBm mixer level and 300 kHz IF filter. Mixer level is equivalent to input signal level minus RF attenuation plus preamplifier gain.

Table 27. PXIe-5668 Input SHI, Preselector Disabled and Signal Conditioning HPF Disabled
Source Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Source Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
>300 MHz to 1 GHz	+63.0	+67.0	+61.0	+66.0
>1 GHz to 1.8 GHz	+49.0	+53.0	+48.0	+52.0
>1.8 GHz to 4 GHz	+25.2	+34.0	+25.0	+33.0
>4 GHz to 7 GHz	—	+30.0	+25.0	+29.0
>7 GHz to 9 GHz	—	+30.0	+24.0	+28.0
>9 GHz to 13.25 GHz	—	+35.0	+25.5	+31.0
Note Values are based on a -10 dBm mixer level and 300 kHz IF filter. Mixer level is equivalent to input signal level minus RF attenuation.

Gain Compression^[14]¹⁴ Compression of an in-band signal by an out-of-band interfering signal, referenced to the RF input.

Table 28. PXIe-5668 1 dB Gain Compression Level, Preamplifier Disabled and Preselector Disabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
10 MHz to 100 MHz	-1	+1	-2	0
>100 MHz to 1.8 GHz	+4	+7	+3	+6
>1.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	+4	+7	+3	+6
>3.6 GHz to 20 GHz	+3	+6	+3	+5
>20 GHz to 24 GHz	+6	+9	+5	+8
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	+8	+10	+7	+9
Note Values are based on a two-tone technique, tone separation greater than 1.5 times the instantaneous bandwidth, 0 dB RF attenuation, 0 dBm reference level, and 300 kHz IF filter.

Table 29. PXIe-5668 1 dB Gain Compression Level, Preamplifier Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
10 MHz to 100 MHz	-30	-25	-27	-25
>100 MHz to 800 MHz	-27	-24	-26	-24
>800 MHz to 2 GHz	-27	-24	-26	-24
>2 GHz to 3 GHz	-26	-23	-26	-24
>3 GHz to 3.6 GHz	-24	-20	-25	-21
Note Values are based on a two-tone technique, tone separation greater than 1.5 times the instantaneous bandwidth, 0 dB RF attenuation, -30 dBm reference level, and 300 kHz IF filter.

Table 30. PXIe-5668 1 dB Gain Compression Level, Preselector Enabled
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Center Frequency	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)	Specification (dBm)	Typical (dBm)
>3.6 GHz to 7.5 GHz	+6	+9	+5	+8
>7.5 GHz to 11 GHz	+7	+8	+6	+8
>11 GHz to 14 GHz	+8	+11	+10	+11
>14 GHz to 20 GHz	+9	+11	+10	+11
>20 GHz to 26.5 GHz	+9	+12	+11	+12
Note Values are based on a two-tone technique, tone separation greater than 1.5 times the instantaneous bandwidth, 0 dB RF attenuation, -30 dBm reference level, and 300 kHz IF filter.

Clipping (ADC Overrange)^[15]¹⁵ The IF power offset defaults to 0 dB.

Single tone, relative to the reference level

10 dB (nominal)

Dynamic Range

Modulation

IF Amplitude Response

Table 31. Typical PXIe-5668 IF Amplitude Response (23 °C ± 5 °C, 100 MHz Path)
IF Passband (MHz)	Center Frequency ≤ 3.41 GHz (dB)	Center Frequency ≤ 3.6 GHz (dB)	Preamplifier Enabled, Center Frequency≤ 3.6 GHz (dB)	Center Frequency > 3.6 GHz (dB)
≤5	±0.03	±0.04	±0.03	±0.03
≤10	±0.05	±0.07	±0.05	±0.06
≤25	±0.09	±0.15	±0.08	±0.12
≤40	±0.12	±0.22	±0.10	±0.14
≤50	±0.14	±0.25	±0.12	±0.14
≤100	±0.27	±0.58	±0.30	±0.24
Note IF passband response is relative to IF center frequency. The specification applies when RF center frequency is ≥200 MHz, 10 dB RF attenuation, 100 MHz signal path, IF equalization is enabled, and self-calibration is performed. The standard 80 MHz bandwidth option for the PXIe-5668 provides IF bandwidth up to 80 MHz.

Table 32. Typical PXIe-5668 IF Amplitude Response (23 °C ± 5 °C, 320 MHz Path)
IF Passband (MHz)	Center Frequency ≤ 3.41 GHz (dB)	Preamplifier Enabled, Center Frequency≤ 3.41 GHz (dB)	Center Frequency > 3.41 GHz (dB)
≤5	±0.04	±0.03	±0.03
≤10	±0.08	±0.06	±0.05
≤25	±0.20	±0.14	±0.10
≤40	±0.28	±0.20	±0.15
≤50	±0.30	±0.22	±0.18
≤100	±0.50	±0.45	±0.38
≤320	±1.35	±1.30	±0.86
Note IF passband response is relative to IF center frequency. The specification applies when RF center frequency is ≥320 MHz, 10 dB RF attenuation, 320 MHz signal path, IF equalization is enabled, and self-calibration is performed. The standard 80 MHz bandwidth option for the PXIe-5668 provides IF bandwidth up to 80 MHz.

Table 33. Typical PXIe-5668 IF Amplitude Response (23 °C ± 5 °C, 765 MHz Path)
IF Passband (MHz)	Center Frequency > 3.6 GHz (dB)
≤5	±0.03
≤10	±0.05
≤25	±0.12
≤40	±0.18
≤50	±0.25
≤100	±0.50
≤320	±0.75
≤765	±1.27
Note IF passband response is relative to IF center frequency. The specification applies when RF center frequency is >3.6 GHz, 10 dB RF attenuation, 765 MHz signal path, IF equalization is enabled, and self-calibration is performed. The standard 80 MHz bandwidth option for the PXIe-5668 provides IF bandwidth up to 80 MHz.

IF Phase Linearity (Deviation from Linear Phase)

Table 34. Typical PXIe-5668 Deviation from Linear Phase (Degrees) (23 °C, 100 MHz Path)
IF Passband	Center Frequency ≤ 3.6 GHz	Preamplifier Enabled, Center Frequency≤ 3.6 GHz	Center Frequency > 3.6 GHz
≤5 MHz	±0.03	±0.03	±0.03
≤10 MHz	±0.08	±0.09	±0.10
≤25 MHz	±0.45	±0.45	±0.50
≤40 MHz	±0.90	±1.00	±0.90
≤50 MHz	±1.30	±1.45	±1.10
≤100 MHz	±3.50	±4.00	±1.80
Note IF passband response is relative to IF center frequency. The specification applies when RF center frequency is ≥200 MHz, 10 dB RF attenuation, 100 MHz signal path, IF equalization is enabled, and self-calibration is performed. The standard 80 MHz bandwidth option for the PXIe-5668 provides IF bandwidth up to 80 MHz.

Table 35. Typical PXIe-5668 Deviation from Linear Phase (Degrees) (23 °C, 320 MHz Path)
IF Passband	Center Frequency ≤ 3.41 GHz	Preamplifier Enabled, Center Frequency≤ 3.41 GHz	Center Frequency > 3.41 GHz
≤5 MHz	±0.03	±0.04	±0.04
≤10 MHz	±0.06	±0.06	±0.07
≤25 MHz	±0.32	±0.30	±0.35
≤40 MHz	±0.85	±0.70	±0.75
≤50 MHz	±1.30	±1.10	±1.00
≤100 MHz	±4.10	±4.00	±2.45
≤320 MHz	±12.5	±13.0	±8.00
Note IF passband response is relative to IF center frequency. The specification applies when RF center frequency is ≥320 MHz, 10 dB RF attenuation, 320 MHz signal path, IF equalization is enabled, and self-calibration is performed. The standard 80 MHz bandwidth option for the PXIe-5668 provides IF bandwidth up to 80 MHz.

Table 36. Nominal PXIe-5668 Deviation from Linear Phase (Degrees) (23 °C, 765 MHz Path)
IF Passband	Center Frequency > 3.6 GHz (Nominal)	Center Frequency > 9 GHz (Nominal)
≤5 MHz	±0.04	±0.04
≤10 MHz	±0.06	±0.06
≤25 MHz	±0.25	±0.25
≤40 MHz	±0.60	±0.60
≤50 MHz	±0.90	±0.90
≤100 MHz	±2.25	±2.25
≤320 MHz	±6.00	±6.00
≤765 MHz	±10.00	±16.00
Note IF passband response is relative to IF center frequency. The specification applies when RF center frequency is >3.6 GHz, 10 dB RF attenuation, 765 MHz signal path, IF equalization is enabled, and self-calibration is performed. The standard 80 MHz bandwidth option for the PXIe-5668 provides IF bandwidth up to 80 MHz.

Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) and Modulation Error Ratio (MER)

Data length in the following two tables is a 1,250 symbol pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) at a -10 dBm power level. These results were obtained using the independent onboard clock for the PXIe-5668 with the independent Reference Clock for the PXIe-5646 Vector Signal Transceiver. The results do not include software equalization using the Modulation Toolkit. Results are the composite effect of both the PXIe-5668 and the PXIe-5646.

Table 37. 825 MHz Carrier Frequency (Nominal)¹⁶ NI-RFSA reference level = -7 dBm, RF attenuation = 10 dB, IF filter = 320 MHz^[16]
QAM Order	Symbol Rate (kS/s)	α_RRC	EVM (% RMS)	MER (dB)
4	160	0.25	0.11	59.00
	800	0.21	0.11	59.35
	4,090	0.22	0.12	58.58
16	17,600	0.25	0.21	51.26
16	32,000	0.25	0.48	43.93
64	5,360	0.15	0.09	57.28
	6,952	0.15	0.10	56.45
	40,990	0.22	0.60	40.92
256	6,952	0.15	0.09	56.71

Table 38. 2.4 GHz Carrier Frequency (Nominal)^[16]
QAM Order	Symbol Rate (kS/s)	α_RRC	EVM (% RMS)	MER (dB)
4	160	0.25	0.28	51.19
	800	0.25	0.23	52.66
	4,090	0.22	0.20	53.97
16	17,600	0.25	0.22	50.77
16	32,000	0.25	0.48	43.90
64	5,360	0.15	0.14	53.43
	6,952	0.15	0.15	53.19
	40,990	0.22	0.62	40.79
256	6,952	0.15	0.13	53.50

Table 39. 5.8 GHz Carrier Frequency (Nominal)^[16]
QAM Order	Symbol Rate (kS/s)	α_RRC	EVM (% RMS)	MER (dB)
4	160	0.25	0.63	44.12
	800	0.25	0.52	45.77
	4,090	0.22	0.45	46.97
16	17,600	0.25	0.34	46.82
16	32,000	0.25	0.39	45.65
64	5,360	0.15	0.30	46.96
	6,952	0.15	0.30	46.87
	40,990	0.22	0.42	43.98
256	6,952	0.15	0.27	47.01

Application-Specific Modulation Quality

WLAN 802.11ac

OFDM EVM
80 MHz bandwidth	-49 dB (RMS) (nominal)¹⁷ Conditions: RF IN = 5,800 MHz; RF attenuation = 0 dB; average input power = -30 dBm to -10 dBm; IF filter = 320 MHz; reference level = auto-level based on real-time average power measurement with optimized offset, optimized IF power offset, 20 packets, 16 OFDM data symbols; MCS = 9, 256 QAM.^[17]
80 MHz bandwidth with channel tracking enabled (preamble and data)	-52 dB ^[17]
160 MHz bandwidth	-44 dB (RMS) (nominal)^[17]
160 MHz bandwidth with channel tracking enabled (preamble and data)	-47^[17]

WLAN 802.11n

Table 40. 802.11n OFDM EVM (RMS) (dB), Nominal
Frequency	20 MHz Bandwidth		40 MHz Bandwidth
Frequency	Channel Tracking Disabled	Channel Tracking Enabled, Preamble and Data	Channel Tracking Enabled	Channel Tracking Enabled, Preamble and Data
2.412 GHz	-53	-56	-51	-54
5.000 GHz	-51	-53	-50	-52
Conditions: RF attenuation = 10 dB; average input power = -10 dBm; IF filter = 320 MHz; reference level = auto-level based on real-time average power measurement with -10 dB offset, 20 packets, 3/4 coding rate, 64 QAM.

WLAN 802.11a/g/j/p

Table 41. 802.11a/g/j/p OFDM EVM (RMS) (dB) (Nominal)
Frequency	20 MHz Bandwidth
Frequency	Channel Tracking Disabled	Channel Tracking Enabled, Preamble and Data
2.412 GHz	-55	-57
5.000 GHz	-51	-54
Conditions: RF attenuation = 10 dB; average input power = -10 dBm; IF filter = 320 MHz; reference level = auto-level based on real-time average power measurement with -10 dB offset, 20 packets, 3/4 coding rate, 64 QAM.

WLAN 802.11g

Table 42. 802.11g DSSS-OFDM EVM (RMS) (dB) (Nominal)
Frequency	20 MHz Bandwidth
Frequency	Channel Tracking Disabled	Channel Tracking Enabled, Preamble and Data
2.412 GHz	-54	-56
5.000 GHz	-51	-53
Conditions: RF attenuation = 10 dB; average input power = -10 dBm; IF filter = 320 MHz; reference level = auto-level based on real-time average power measurement with -10 dB offset, 20 packets, 3/4 coding rate, 64 QAM.

LTE

Table 43. SC-FDMA (Uplink FDD) EVM (RMS) (dB) (Nominal)
Frequency	5 MHz Bandwidth	10 MHz Bandwidth	20 MHz Bandwidth
700 MHz	-55	-55	-52
900 MHz	-55	-55	-52
1.430 GHz	-54	-54	-51
1.750 GHz	-53	-53	-51
1.900 GHz	-52	-52	-51
2.500 GHz	-51	-51	-50
Conditions: single channel uplink only, RF attenuation = 0 dB; average input power = -30 dBm to -5 dBm; IF filter = 320 MHz; reference level = auto-level based on real-time average power measurement with -5 dB offset.

Measurement Speed

Measurement duration is made up of tuning time plus analysis time. The tuning benchmark includes programming time, frequency settling time, and amplitude settling time. Programming time partially overlaps frequency settling time and amplitude settling time. Measurement duration is dependent on the specific measurement settings used.

Amplitude Settling Time^[18]¹⁸ Amplitude settling is within 0.1 dB.

Table 44. PXIe-5668 Amplitude Settling Time (Nominal)
Center Frequency	Mechanical Attenuator Stationary (μs)	Mechanical Attenuator State Changed (ms)
>100 MHz to ≤ 3.6 GHz	25	40
>3.6 GHz to ≤26.5 GHz	25	40

Tuning Time

Table 45. PXIe-5668 Tuning Time (ms, Nominal)^[19]¹⁹ Tuning times refer to tuning with a single band, for example, tuning within 0 Hz to 3.6 GHz or within 3.6 GHz to 7.5 GHz. The tuning times for tuning within the 7.5 GHz to 14 GHz band are lower than if the frequency spans multiple frequency bands. If your application uses the PXIe-566826.5 GHz VSA with the preselector enabled, add the preselector tuning times to the tuning times listed in this table.
Step Size	Fast Configuration^[20]²⁰ Fast Configuration refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast at an accuracy of 1.0 × 10^-6 of final frequency.	Normal Configuration^[21]²¹ Normal Configuration refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Normal at an accuracy of 0.1 × 10^-6 of final frequency.
50 MHz	1.8	5.6
75 MHz	1.9	7.7
250 MHz	2.3	9.3
1.0 GHz	6.6	15.0
3.5 GHz	14.5	19.6

Preselector Tuning Time

Table 46. PXIe-5668 Preselector Tuning Time (Nominal)
Center Frequency Step Size	Preselector Tuning Time (ms)^[22]²² Tuning time refers to the time required to tune the preselector upwards in frequency range from 3.6 GHz to 26.5 GHz of preselector path. The time required to tune downwards in frequency can be 16 ms to 26 ms for RF center frequencies from 3.6 GHz to 7.5 GHz, 25 ms to 39 ms for RF center frequencies from 7.5 GHz to 14 GHz, and 38 ms to 62 ms for RF center frequencies from 14 GHz to 26.5 GHz.
≤100 MHz	10.5
500 MHz	12.8
1.0 GHz	14.1
2.0 GHz	15.2
3.0 GHz	16.4
3.5 GHz	16.9
4.0 GHz	17.5
6.0 GHz	19.7
13.0 GHz	27.6
22.9 GHz	38.8

Analysis Time Versus Span^[23]²³ Analysis time versus span was measured with a tuned frequency > 10 MHz. For spans smaller than 1 MHz, 100 frequency points were measured; above 1 MHz span, 1,000 frequency points were measured. Analysis time includes acquisition, FFT analysis, and data transfer time. For spans larger than 320 MHz, analysis time also includes tuning time. Tuning Mode refers to the setting of the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to either Fast or Normal .

Input and Output Characteristics

RF IN Front Panel Connector (PXIe-5606)

Connector	2.92 mm female
Impedance	50 Ω (nominal)
Coupling	AC and DC
Maximum safe DC input voltage, DC coupled	±40 VDC ^[25]²⁵ Ensure that the DC voltage at the RF IN connector of the PXIe-5606 is limited to ±40 V even with the DC block attached to the RF IN connector. With the DC block removed, the maximum safe DC input voltage for the RF IN connector is 0 V.

NOISE SOURCE Front Panel Connector (PXIe-5606)

Connector	HD BNC
Noise source On	+28 VDC
Noise source Off	0 VDC

Maximum Safe Continuous RF Power

PXIe-5606

+30 dBm

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of RF Input

Table 47. PXIe-5606 VSWR (Nominal)
Attenuation^[26]²⁶ Attenuation available in 1 dB steps for frequencies less than 3.6 GHz. Attenuation is available in 5 dB steps for frequencies from 20 Hz to 26.5 GHz. Based on a 90% tolerance interval and 90% confidence with k factor 2.59.	Preselector (Enabled/Disabled)	Center Frequency (MHz)	MAX VSWR (1 : 1)
0 dB	N/A	>10 MHz to ≤3.6 GHz	2.35 : 1
	Disabled	>3.6 GHz to ≤14 GHz	2.20 : 1
	Disabled	>14 GHz to ≤26.5 GHz	2.45 : 1
	Enabled	>3.6 GHz to ≤14 GHz	2.50 : 1
	Enabled	>14 GHz to ≤26.5 GHz	2.60 : 1
≥10 dB	N/A	>10 MHz to ≤3.6 GHz	1.25 : 1
	Disabled	>3.6 GHz to ≤14 GHz	1.30 : 1
	Disabled	>14 GHz to ≤26.5 GHz	1.58 : 1
	Enabled	>3.6 GHz to ≤14 GHz	1.33 : 1
	Enabled	>14 GHz to ≤26.5 GHz	1.58 : 1

IF OUT Front Panel Connector (PXIe-5606)

Connector	SMA female
Impedance	50 Ω (nominal)
Return loss	15 dB (nominal)
Nominal IF output level	+7 dBm
Output voltage	0 V DC

LO IN and LO OUT Front Panel Connectors (PXIe-5606)

Connector

SMA female

Impedance

50 Ω (nominal)

Coupling

Maximum safe power level
LO1 IN	+13 dBm
LO2 IN	+13 dBm
LO3 IN	+15 dBm
LO1 OUT	+21 dBm
LO2 OUT	+17 dBm
LO3 OUT	+20 dBm

Maximum safe voltage
LO1 IN	25 VDC
LO2 IN	12 VDC
LO3 IN	24 VDC
LO1 OUT	0 VDC
LO2 OUT	0 VDC
LO3 OUT	0 VDC

LO frequency
LO1	4.6 GHz to 8.3 GHz
LO2	4.0 GHz
LO3	800 MHz

LO output level
LO1	+7 dBm to +8 dBm (typical, varies with frequency)
LO2	+9 dBm to +10 dBm (typical)
LO3	+9 dBm to +10 dBm (typical)

LO Output (PXIe-5653)

Table 48. LO Output Level
LO	Minimum	Nominal	Maximum
LO1 (from 3.2 GHz to 8.2 GHz)	Nominal Value - 2.5 dB	Varies by frequency according to the following equation: $10.5 - 3 (\frac{F r e q u e n c y (G H z) - 3.2 G H z}{5.0 G H z}) (d B m)$	Nominal Value + 2.5 dB
LO1 (at 8.3 GHz)	+4 dBm	+6.5 dBm	+9 dBm
LO2	+6.5 dBm	+9 dBm	+13 dBm
LO3	+7 dBm	+9 dBm	+13 dBm

Power Requirements

Table 49. PXIe-5668 Power Requirements (Voltages ± 5%)
Module	From +3.3 VDC	From +12 VDC	Total Power (W)
PXIe-5606	1.60 A (5.28 W)	5.00 A (60.00 W)	65.28
PXIe-5624	2.45 A (8.09 W)	1.95 A (23.40 W)	31.49
PXIe-5653	1.10 A (3.63 W)	4.00 A (48.00 W)	51.63
PXIe-5668 (combined VSA)	—	—	148.40

Calibration

Interval

2 years

Note For module revision D and above, use NI-RFSG 20.7 or later to perform an external calibration as described in the Adjusting RF OUT Power section of the PXIe-5654 Calibration Procedure.

PXIe-5653 LO Specifications

LO frequency
LO1	3.2 GHz to 8.3 GHz (nominal)
LO2	4.0 GHz (nominal)
LO3	800 MHz (nominal)

Single Sideband (SSB) Phase Noise (LO1)

LO1 (5.4125 GHz)

Table 50. Phase Noise (dBc/Hz), PXIe-5668 Center Frequency = 800 MHz
Offset	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Offset	Specification (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)	Nominal (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)
10 Hz	—	—	<-73	—
100 Hz	<-89	<-94	—	<-89
1 kHz	<-118	<-122	—	<-119
10 kHz	<-128	<-131	—	<-130
100 kHz	<-125	<-128	—	<-127
1 MHz	<-141	<-144	—	<-143
5 MHz	<-155	<-157	—	<-155
Conditions: LO YIG Main Coil Drive property set to Normal.

LO1 (7.8125 GHz)

Table 51. Phase Noise (dBc/Hz), PXIe-5668 Center Frequency = 3.2 GHz
Offset	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Offset	Specification (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)	Nominal (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)
10 Hz	—	—	<-70	—
100 Hz	<-86	<-92	—	<-86
1 kHz	<-115	<-119	—	<-116
10 kHz	<-127	<-130	—	<-129
100 kHz	<-125	<-128	—	<-127
1 MHz	<-141	<-144	—	<-143
5 MHz	<-155	<-157	—	<-155
Conditions: LO YIG Main Coil Drive property set to Normal.

Single Sideband (SSB) Phase Noise (LO2)

LO2 (4 GHz)

Table 52. Noise Density, PXIe-5668 Center Frequencies > 3.6 GHz
Offset	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Offset	Specification (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)	Nominal (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)
10 Hz	—	—	<-76	—
100 Hz	<-92	<-97	—	<-92
1 kHz	<-121	<-125	—	<-122
10 kHz	<-134	<-137	—	<-135
100 kHz	<-134	<-137	—	<-135
1 MHz	<-143	<-146	—	<-145
5 MHz	<-155	<-157	—	<-155

Single Sideband (SSB) Phase Noise (LO3)

LO3 (800 MHz)

Table 53. Noise Density, PXIe-5668 Center Frequencies >3.6 GHz
Offset	23 °C ± 5 °C		0 °C to 55 °C
Offset	Specification (dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)	Nominal^[30]³⁰ When used in a VSA system, the nominal specification for the VSA improves significantly from this value because the VSA uses all the LOs instead of a single LO. The phase noise of other LOs is correlated to the phase noise on LO1 at low offsets, which improves performance of the VSA system.(dBc/Hz)	Typical (dBc/Hz)
10 Hz	—	—	<-90	—
100 Hz	<-104	-111	—	<-106
1 kHz	<-135	-139	—	<-134
10 kHz	<-148	-152	—	<-149
100 kHz	<-149	-153	—	<-150
1 MHz	<-158	-160	—	<-156
5 MHz	<-160	-163	—	<-159

PXIe-5653 Frequency Lock Time^[32]³² PXIe-5653 Frequency Tuning Time consists of Lock Time + Settling Time to Required Accuracy. For example, in Fast Configuration mode, a 50 MHz step requires 1.1 ms (the frequency lock time) + 0.75 (the frequency settling time), or 1.85 ms to lock and settle to 0.1 ppm accuracy.

Table 54. PXIe-5653 Maximum Lock Time (0 °C to 55 °C)
Frequency Step Size	Fast Tuning Mode^[33]³³ Fast Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency. (ms)	Normal Tuning Mode^[34]³⁴ Normal Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Normal at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency. (ms)
≤25 MHz	0.85	3
≤50 MHz	1.10	6
≤75 MHz	1.35	7
≤80 MHz	1.35	7
≤90 MHz	1.35	7
≤100 MHz	1.35	7
≤250 MHz	1.80	10
≤500 MHz	6	12
≤1.0 GHz	10	14
≤2.0 GHz	13	17
≤3.0 GHz	15	18
≤5.1 GHz	17	20

PXIe-5653 Frequency Settling Time^[35]³⁵ PXIe-5653 Frequency Tuning Time consists of Lock Time + Settling Time to Required Accuracy. For example, in Fast Configuration mode, a 50 MHz step requires 1.1 ms (the frequency lock time) + 0.75 (the frequency settling time), or 1.85 ms to lock and settle to 0.1 ppm accuracy.

Table 55. PXIe-5668 Maximum Settling Time (0 °C to 55 °C)
Settling Accuracy (Relative to Final Frequency)	Fast Tuning Mode^[36]³⁶ Fast Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency. (ms)	Normal Tuning Mode^[37]³⁷ Normal Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Normal at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency. (ms)
1.0 × 10^-6	0.00	0.00
0.1 × 10^-6	0.75	1.00
0.01 × 10^-6	1.60	6.00
0.001 × 10^-6	5	20

PXIe-5606 Downconverter Specifications

Instantaneous Bandwidth

IF passband bandwidth
IF through path (≥100 MHz)	3 dB (23 °C ± 5 °C, typical)
≥5 MHz	3 dB (23 °C ± 5 °C, typical)
≥300 kHz	3 dB (23 °C ± 5 °C, typical)

RF preselector^[38]³⁸ Preselector ripple may affect the bandwidth due to passband ripple and modes. passband bandwidth
Preselector enabled ( ≤65 MHz)	6 dB (23 °C ± 5 °C, typical)

IF Frequencies

Table 56. Nominal PXIe-5668 Downconverter IF Frequencies
RF Center Frequency	IF Signal Path	IF1	IF2	IF3
20 Hz to 3.6 GHz	80 MHz ³⁹ 80 MHz BW option ^[39]/100 MHz⁴⁰ 200 MHz or 320 MHz BW option^[40]	4.6125 GHz	612.5 MHz	187.5 MHz
	5 MHz	4.6100 GHz	610.0 MHz	190.0 MHz
	300 kHz	4.6010 GHz	601.0 MHz	199.0 MHz
	200 MHz and 320 MHz (device option)	4.730 GHz	730 MHz	—
>3.6 GHz	80 MHz ^[39]/100 MHz^[40]	612.5 MHz	187.5 MHz	—
	5 MHz	610.0 MHz	190.0 MHz	—
	300 kHz	601.0 MHz	199.0 MHz	—
	200 MHz and 320 MHz (device option)	730 MHz	—	—
	400 MHz and 765 MHz (device option and image selection)	507.5 MHz	—	—

Amplitude Range

The PXIe-5606 amplitude range is the same as the amplitude range specified for the PXIe-5668.

Display Average Noise Level

Preamplifier Disabled

Table 57. PXIe-5606 Downconverter Display Average Noise Level, Preamplifier Disabled (Typical)
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBm/Hz)	0 °C to 55 °C (dBm/Hz)
20 Hz to 200 kHz	—	-92
>200 kHz to 10 MHz	-153	-152
>10 MHz to 100 MHz	-155	-155
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	-157	-157
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	-157	-156
>1.7 GHz to 2.8 GHz	-154	-153
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	-151	-150
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	-158	-157
>5 GHz to 14 GHz	-156	-156
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	-150	-148
>17 GHz to 24 GHz	-154	-152
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-150	-149
Note Values based on input terminated, no input signal, 0 dB RF attenuation for center frequency ≥10 MHz, 100 MHz IF filter for center frequency ≥100 MHz, 300 kHz IF filter for center frequency <100 MHz, ≤-50 dBm reference level, and >10 averages. Log average noise level normalized to a 1 Hz noise bandwidth.

Preamplifier Enabled

Table 58. PXIe-5606 Downconverter Display Average Noise Level, Preamplifier Enabled (Typical)
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBm/Hz)	0 °C to 55 °C (dBm/Hz)
10 MHz to 30 MHz	-167	-166
>30 MHz to 100 MHz	-168	-166
>100 MHz to 300 MHz	-169	-168
>300 MHz to 1.7 GHz	-168	-167
>1.7 GHz to 2.5 GHz	-166	-165
>2.8 GHz to 3.6 GHz	-165	-164
Note Values based on input terminated, no input signal, 0 dB RF attenuation, 100 MHz IF filter for center frequency ≥100 MHz, 300 kHz IF filter for center frequency <100 MHz, ≤-50 dBm reference level, IF through path, and >10 averages. Log average noise level measured in a 1 Hz noise bandwidth using NI-RFSA I/Q acquisition mode.

Preselector (YIG-Tuned Filter) Present and Enabled

Table 59. PXIe-5606 Downconverter Display Average Noise Level, Preselector (YIG-Tuned Filter) Present and Enabled (Typical)
Center Frequency	23 °C ± 5 °C (dBm/Hz)	0 °C to 55 °C (dBm/Hz)
>3.6 GHz to 5 GHz	-152	-152
>5 GHz to 14 GHz	-154	-153
>14 GHz to 17 GHz	-147	-147
>17 GHz to 22 GHz	-150	-149
>22 GHz to 24 GHz	-148	-147
>24 GHz to 26.5 GHz	-148	-147
Note Values based on input terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation, ≤-50 dBm reference level, 100 MHz IF filter, and >10 averages. Log average noise level normalized to a 1 Hz noise bandwidth.

Downconverter Gain Accuracy

(Typical)

The PXIe-5606 gain accuracy after use of the internal self-calibration factor is the same as the amplitude accuracy specification. The receiver that is used with the PXIe-5606 downconverter should have resolution and temperature stability equal to or better than that of the PXIe-5624 digitizer.

Downconverter Conversion Gain

Spurious Response Level

The PXIe-5606 spurious response level is the same as or better than the PXIe-5668 spurious responses specification when the PXIe-5653 is used as the LO and the PXIe-5624 is used as the digitizer.

Image and IF Rejection

The PXIe-5606 image and IF rejection are the same as those specified for the PXIe-5668.

Linearity and Dynamic Range Specifications

The PXIe-5606 linearity (TOI, SHI, two tone compression) and dynamic range specifications are the same as or better than the PXIe-5668 linearity and dynamic range specifications.

Measurement Configuration Speed

The PXIe-5606 measurement configuration speed specification is the same as or better than the PXIe-5668 measurement speed specification when the PXIe-5653 is used as the LO.

PXIe-5624 IF Digitizer Module Specifications

IF IN

Connector	SMA female
Input impedance	50 Ω, nominal
Coupling	AC
Absolute maximum input power	20 dBm, continuous wave (CW) RMS
Input return loss/VSWR	>15 dB/1.43:1 ^[41]⁴¹ 5 MHz to 2 GHz., typical

PFI 0 (Programmable Function Interface)

Connector

SMA female

Voltage levels
Absolute maximum input range	-0.5 V to 5.5 V
V_IL	0.8 V
V_IH	2.0 V
V_OL	0.2 V with 100 μA load
V_OH	2.9 V with 100 μA load

Recommended operating voltage

0 V to 3.3 V

Input impedance

10 kΩ, nominal

Output impedance

50 Ω, nominal

Maximum DC drive strength

24 mA

Minimum required direction change latency

60 ns + 1 clock cycle⁴² Clock cycle refers to the FPGA clock domain used for direction control.^[42]

CLK IN

Connector

SMA female

Frequency
Sample Clock	4 GHz, 2 GHz
Reference Clock	100 MHz, 10 MHz

Tolerance

±50 ppm

Amplitude
10 MHz and 100 MHz Reference Clocks	-3 dBm to 15 dBm^[43]⁴³ Optimal performance for a 10 MHz Reference Clock is greater than 4 dBm.
2 GHz and 4 GHz Sample Clocks	-5 dBm to 10 dBm

Input impedance

50 Ω, nominal

Coupling

CLK OUT

Connector

SMA female

Frequency
Sample Clock	2 GHz
Reference Clock	100 MHz, 10 MHz^[44]⁴⁴ 100 MHz available when locking to CLK IN or PXIe_CLK100. 10 MHz available when locking to external front panel CLK IN.

Tolerance

Same as Reference Clock or Sample Clock source^[45]⁴⁵ Refer to the Internal Frequency Reference section for more information about internal frequency reference accuracy specifications.

Amplitude, typical
Reference Clock (CLK IN)	CLK IN input power + 3 dB, nominal
Reference Clock (PXIe_CLK100)	7.5 dBm
Sample Clock	5 dBm

Output impedance

50 Ω, nominal

Coupling

Environment

Maximum altitude	2,000 m (800 mbar) (at 25 °C ambient temperature)
Pollution Degree	2

Indoor use only.

Operating Environment

Ambient temperature range	0 °C to 55 °C
Relative humidity range	10% to 90%, noncondensing

Storage Environment

Ambient temperature range	-41 °C to 71 °C
Relative humidity range	5% to 95%, noncondensing

Shock and Vibration

Operating shock

30 g peak, half-sine, 11 ms pulse^[46]⁴⁶ Internal mechanical attenuator may change states during shock application. Use instrument preset or reset attenuator to return to normal operating state.

Random vibration
Operating	5 Hz to 500 Hz, 0.3 g_rms
Nonoperating	5 Hz to 500 Hz, 2.4 g_rms

Physical Characteristics

Table 60. PXIe-5668 Module Characteristics
Module	Dimensions	Weight
Module	Dimensions	Grams	Ounces
PXIe-5606 RF Signal Downconverter	3U, 4 slots	1,880.0	63.3
PXIe-5624 IF Digitizer	3U, 1 slot	490.0	17.3
PXIe-5653 RF Analog Signal Generator	3U, 2 slots	1,270.0	44.8
PXIe-5668 Vector Signal Analyzer	3U, 7 slots	3,640.0	128.4

Notice Clean the hardware with a soft, nonmetallic brush. Make sure that the hardware is completely dry and free from contaminants before returning it to service.

Compliance and Certifications

Safety Compliance Standards

This product is designed to meet the requirements of the following electrical equipment safety standards for measurement, control, and laboratory use:

IEC 61010-1, EN 61010-1
UL 61010-1, CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1

Note For safety certifications, refer to the product label or the Product Certifications and Declarations section.

Electromagnetic Compatibility

This product meets the requirements of the following EMC standards for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use:

EN 61326-1 (IEC 61326-1): Class A emissions; Basic immunity
EN 55011 (CISPR 11): Group 1, Class A emissions
EN 55022 (CISPR 22): Class A emissions
EN 55024 (CISPR 24): Immunity
AS/NZS CISPR 11: Group 1, Class A emissions
AS/NZS CISPR 22: Class A emissions
FCC 47 CFR Part 15B: Class A emissions
ICES-001: Class A emissions

Note In the United States (per FCC 47 CFR), Class A equipment is intended for use in commercial, light-industrial, and heavy-industrial locations. In Europe, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand (per CISPR 11), Class A equipment is intended for use only in heavy-industrial locations.

Note Group 1 equipment (per CISPR 11) is any industrial, scientific, or medical equipment that does not intentionally generate radio frequency energy for the treatment of material or inspection/analysis purposes.

Note For EMC declarations, certifications, and additional information, refer to the Product Certifications and Declarations section.

Product Certifications and Declarations

Refer to the product Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for additional regulatory compliance information. To obtain product certifications and the DoC for NI products, visit ni.com/product-certifications, search by model number, and click the appropriate link.

Environmental Management

NI is committed to designing and manufacturing products in an environmentally responsible manner. NI recognizes that eliminating certain hazardous substances from our products is beneficial to the environment and to NI customers.

For additional environmental information, refer to the Engineering a Healthy Planet web page at ni.com/environment. This page contains the environmental regulations and directives with which NI complies, as well as other environmental information not included in this document.

EU and UK Customers

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)—At the end of the product life cycle, all NI products must be disposed of according to local laws and regulations. For more information about how to recycle NI products in your region, visit ni.com/environment/weee.

电子信息产品污染控制管理办法（中国RoHS）

中国RoHS— NI符合中国电子信息产品中限制使用某些有害物质指令(RoHS)。关于NI中国RoHS合规性信息，请登录 ni.com/environment/rohs_china。(For information about China RoHS compliance, go to ni.com/environment/rohs_china.)

¹ The PXIe-5668 maximum center frequency is either 14 GHz or 26.5 GHz depending on the hardware option you purchased.

² Tuning resolution refers to the digital downconversion (DDC) tuning resolution.

³ The PXIe-5668 maximum center frequency is either 14 GHz or 26.5 GHz depending on the hardware option purchased.

⁴ Available bandwidth range depends on hardware option purchased.

⁵ Dither signal not present for 400 MHz FPGA image.

⁶ The PXIe-5653 reference oscillator determines this specification.

⁷ The PXIe-565310 MHz reference oscillator output determines this specification. System frequency accuracy error is equal to Y * (f/10 MHz), where Y is equal to the 10 MHz frequency error and f is equal to the frequency. For example, a frequency accuracy error at 20 MHz equals twice the 10 MHz frequency accuracy error.

⁸ The PXIe-5653 reference oscillator determines this specification.

⁹ Refer to the Maximum Safe Continuous RF Power section for the lower amplitude range limit under specific conditions.

¹⁰ Non-input-related spurs (residual spurs) are the responses observed when no input signal is present. The non-input-related spur values are based on ambient temperature of 23 °C ± 5 °C, RF input terminated, 0 dB RF attenuation, and -60 dBm reference level using 300 kHz and 5 MHz IF bandwidth.

¹¹ Higher-order RF responses are responses resulting from RF second-order and higher-order harmonic-related spurs.

¹² Refer to the IF Frequencies section for the IF1, IF2, and IF3 frequency definitions.

¹³ IF rejection describes the rejection of a signal incident on the signal analyzer at a multiple or sub-multiple of the IF frequency relative to the level of a signal incident at other tuned frequencies.

¹⁴ Compression of an in-band signal by an out-of-band interfering signal, referenced to the RF input.

¹⁵ The IF power offset defaults to 0 dB.

¹⁶ NI-RFSA reference level = -7 dBm, RF attenuation = 10 dB, IF filter = 320 MHz

¹⁷ Conditions: RF IN = 5,800 MHz; RF attenuation = 0 dB; average input power = -30 dBm to -10 dBm; IF filter = 320 MHz; reference level = auto-level based on real-time average power measurement with optimized offset, optimized IF power offset, 20 packets, 16 OFDM data symbols; MCS = 9, 256 QAM.

¹⁸ Amplitude settling is within 0.1 dB.

¹⁹ Tuning times refer to tuning with a single band, for example, tuning within 0 Hz to 3.6 GHz or within 3.6 GHz to 7.5 GHz. The tuning times for tuning within the 7.5 GHz to 14 GHz band are lower than if the frequency spans multiple frequency bands. If your application uses the PXIe-566826.5 GHz VSA with the preselector enabled, add the preselector tuning times to the tuning times listed in this table.

²⁰ Fast Configuration refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast at an accuracy of 1.0 × 10^-6 of final frequency.

²¹ Normal Configuration refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Normal at an accuracy of 0.1 × 10^-6 of final frequency.

²² Tuning time refers to the time required to tune the preselector upwards in frequency range from 3.6 GHz to 26.5 GHz of preselector path. The time required to tune downwards in frequency can be 16 ms to 26 ms for RF center frequencies from 3.6 GHz to 7.5 GHz, 25 ms to 39 ms for RF center frequencies from 7.5 GHz to 14 GHz, and 38 ms to 62 ms for RF center frequencies from 14 GHz to 26.5 GHz.

²³ Analysis time versus span was measured with a tuned frequency > 10 MHz. For spans smaller than 1 MHz, 100 frequency points were measured; above 1 MHz span, 1,000 frequency points were measured. Analysis time includes acquisition, FFT analysis, and data transfer time. For spans larger than 320 MHz, analysis time also includes tuning time. Tuning Mode refers to the setting of the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to either Fast or Normal .

²⁴ Plots measured using 800 MHz and 400 MHz acquisition mode FPGA images for the PXIe-5624 digitizer. Refer to NI RF Vector Signal Analyzers Help for more information about using NI-RFSA instrument driver FPGA extensions.

²⁵ Ensure that the DC voltage at the RF IN connector of the PXIe-5606 is limited to ±40 V even with the DC block attached to the RF IN connector. With the DC block removed, the maximum safe DC input voltage for the RF IN connector is 0 V.

²⁶ Attenuation available in 1 dB steps for frequencies less than 3.6 GHz. Attenuation is available in 5 dB steps for frequencies from 20 Hz to 26.5 GHz. Based on a 90% tolerance interval and 90% confidence with k factor 2.59.

²⁷ LO1 Noise Sidebands: LO1 = 5.4125 GHz, 7.8125 GHz. Plots of measured LO1 performance (Phase Noise and AM Noise) shown without spurs.

²⁸ LO1 frequency is 5 GHz. Representative of nominal performance difference across the entire frequency range of LO1 (shown without spurs). Tuning Mode refers to the setting of the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast or Normal.

²⁹ LO2 = 4.0 GHz. Plots of measured LO2 performance (Phase Noise and AM Noise) shown without spurs.

³⁰ When used in a VSA system, the nominal specification for the VSA improves significantly from this value because the VSA uses all the LOs instead of a single LO. The phase noise of other LOs is correlated to the phase noise on LO1 at low offsets, which improves performance of the VSA system.

³¹ LO3 = 800 MHz. Phase Noise plot of measured LO3 performance shown without spurs.

³² PXIe-5653 Frequency Tuning Time consists of Lock Time + Settling Time to Required Accuracy. For example, in Fast Configuration mode, a 50 MHz step requires 1.1 ms (the frequency lock time) + 0.75 (the frequency settling time), or 1.85 ms to lock and settle to 0.1 ppm accuracy.

³³ Fast Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency.

³⁴ Normal Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Normal at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency.

³⁵ PXIe-5653 Frequency Tuning Time consists of Lock Time + Settling Time to Required Accuracy. For example, in Fast Configuration mode, a 50 MHz step requires 1.1 ms (the frequency lock time) + 0.75 (the frequency settling time), or 1.85 ms to lock and settle to 0.1 ppm accuracy.

³⁶ Fast Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Fast at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency.

³⁷ Normal Tuning Mode refers to setting the LO YIG Main Coil Drive property to Normal at an accuracy of 1.0 ×10^-6 of the final frequency.

³⁸ Preselector ripple may affect the bandwidth due to passband ripple and modes.

³⁹ 80 MHz BW option

⁴⁰ 200 MHz or 320 MHz BW option

⁴¹ 5 MHz to 2 GHz.

⁴² Clock cycle refers to the FPGA clock domain used for direction control.

⁴³ Optimal performance for a 10 MHz Reference Clock is greater than 4 dBm.

⁴⁴ 100 MHz available when locking to CLK IN or PXIe_CLK100. 10 MHz available when locking to external front panel CLK IN.

⁴⁵ Refer to the Internal Frequency Reference section for more information about internal frequency reference accuracy specifications.

⁴⁶ Internal mechanical attenuator may change states during shock application. Use instrument preset or reset attenuator to return to normal operating state.