CD Feedback VI
- Updated2023-03-14
- 35 minute(s) read
CD Feedback VI
Owning Palette: Model Interconnection VIs
Requires: Control Design and Simulation Module
Connects two linear models in feedback configuration. The system models either must be continuous-time models or must have the same sampling time if they are discrete-time models. Wire data to the Model 1 and Model 2 inputs to determine the polymorphic instance to use or manually select the instance.
You can specify which outputs this VI feeds back to which inputs of the system. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix.
![]() | Note You can use the CD Unit Feedback VI to connect two models in a unit feedback configuration. |
CD Feedback State-Space and State-Space

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Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
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Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
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Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
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Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
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error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback State-Space and Transfer Function

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
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Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
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Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback State-Space and Zero-Pole-Gain

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Transfer Function and Transfer Function

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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![]() |
error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
| ||||||
![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Transfer Function and State-Space

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
||||||
![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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![]() |
error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
| ||||||
![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Transfer Function and Zero-Pole-Gain

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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![]() |
error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Zero-Pole-Gain and Zero-Pole-Gain

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
||||||
![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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![]() |
error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Zero-Pole-Gain and State-Space

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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![]() |
error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
![]() |
error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Zero-Pole-Gain and Transfer Function

![]() |
Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If Feedback Sign is positive (TRUE), all feedback connections are positive. If Feedback Sign is negative (FALSE), all feedback connections are negative. The default is negative (FALSE). When you specify connections using Feedback Connections, this VI ignores Feedback Sign. |
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![]() |
Model 1 is the first model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the forward loop path. | ||||||
![]() |
Model 2 is the second model this VI uses to create the Closed-Loop Model. This model represents the system in the feedback path. If you do not wire a model to Model 2, then this VI assumes a unit feedback by defining Model 2 as the unit gain matrix. The number of connections in Feedback Connections defines the size of the unit gain matrix. | ||||||
![]() |
Feedback Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. This VI adds or subtracts the output value of Model 1 or Model 2 from a reference input and assigns a value to the input of Model 1. Signal determines if this VI adds or subtracts the output of Model 1 to the reference input. The indexes are zero-based. If you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 1 to Model 2, and Feedback Sign specifies the sign of all feedback connections. If you specify only one model, this VI feeds back the outputs from Model 1 to the inputs of Model 1. If you specify only one model and you do not specify any Feedback Connections, this VI applies unit feedback to Model 1 with as many connections as possible in ascending order.
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![]() |
error in describes error conditions that occur before this node runs. This input provides standard error in functionality. | ||||||
![]() |
Output Connections uses the index number of the input and output to define each input-output pair, from Model 1 and Model 2, in a feedback loop. If you do not specify any Output Connections, this VI connects as many input-output pairs as possible from Model 2 to Model 1. If you specify only one model in this VI, the VI does not use the Output Connections in feedback calculations.
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![]() |
Closed-Loop Model represents the closed-loop system that results from this VI connecting Model 1 and Model 2 according to the connections you specify. When the two input models are different model types, this VI determines the model type of the resulting model by the following model hierarchy: state-space>transfer function>zero-pole-gain. For example, if one input is a state-space model and the other is a zero-pole-gain model, the resulting model is a state-space model. To access and modify the data in the model, use the Model Information VIs. | ||||||
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error out contains error information. This output provides standard error out functionality. |
CD Feedback Details
This VI might convert one or both input models to different forms before connecting the models. Refer to the LabVIEW Control Design User Manual for more information about connecting models in a feedback configuration.
This VI does not support delays for models in a closed-loop configuration. If a model has a delay, this VI ignores the delays and gives a warning. Refer to the LabVIEW Control Design User Manual for more information about delays.







