Demodulates a pulse-amplitude-modulated (PAM) complex baseband waveform and returns the time-aligned oversampled complex waveform, demodulated bit stream, and results of offset and drift measurements. This node attempts to remove carrier and phase offset by locking to the carrier signal.

Note

MT Demodulate PAM assumes that the sample rate of the input complex waveform is exactly samples per symbol × the symbol rate. If this relationship does not apply to your application, use MT Resample (Complex Cluster) to resample the waveform to the desired sample rate.

Note

Matched filtering and/or waveform realignment performed during symbol timing recovery may lead to the apparent loss of bits. Refer to Filter Delay in the Details for more information about this effect. You can use MT Detect PAM if your application requires only the demodulated bit stream output and not the recovered complex waveform or measurements.

input complex waveform

The modulated complex baseband waveform data.

t0

Trigger (start) time of the Y array.

Default: 0.0

dt

Time interval between data points in the Y array.

Default: 1.0

Y

The complex-valued signal-only baseband modulated waveform. The real and imaginary parts of this complex data array correspond to the in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) data, respectively.

PAM system parameters

Parameter values defining the PAM system. Wire the PAM system parameters cluster of MT Generate PAM System Parameters (M) or MT Generate PAM System Parameters (map) to this cluster. Do not alter the values.

samples per symbol

An even number of samples dedicated to each symbol. Multiply this value by the symbol rate to determine the sample rate.

Note

The demodulation and detector nodes use timing recovery, which is optimized for four or more samples per symbol.

Default: 16

symbol map

An ordered array that maps each symbol to its desired level. The number of PAM levels in the array is 2 N , where N is the number of bits per symbol. The vector length for the symbols farthest from the origin is 1.

matched filter coefficients

An ordered array containing the desired matched filter coefficients. Wire the matched filter coefficients parameter of MT Generate Filter Coefficients to this parameter. When generating the filter coefficients, ensure that the value of the matched samples per symbol parameter of MT Generate Filter Coefficients is equal to the value of the samples per symbol element of the PAM system parameters cluster that is passed to this node.

Note

When reset? is set to TRUE, there is a transient response of half the filter length at the start of the demodulated signal, and the returned data is shortened by approximately half the filter length. When reset? is set to FALSE, the node uses data from the previous iteration to eliminate the transient.

synchronization parameters

Parameter values describing the synchronization sequence and the range of bits over which to search for the sequence. Wire the PAM synchronization parameters cluster returned by MT Generate PAM Synchronization Parameters (bit array) or MT Generate PAM Synchronization Parameters (number array) to this cluster.

Note

If the synchronization parameters cluster is not wired, the demodulator does not attempt to synchronize, and the constellation of the demodulated waveform has a carrier phase ambiguity.

expected sync location

The expected location of the first symbol of the sync sequence.

This value is an index to the input complex waveform. A value of -1 searches the entire input complex waveform and ignores the sync location uncertainty parameter.

sync sequence

The mapped symbol array from the specified synchronization bits or synchronization numbers.

sync location uncertainty

Number of symbols before or after the expected sync location where the first symbol of the sync sequence may be located. The node ignores this parameter if the expected sync location parameter is set to -1.

Default: 10

sync indent

Distance that the sync sequence is indented into the information block.

The distance is the number of demodulated symbols preceding the sync sequence. For example, a value of 10 indicates that the output bit stream consists of 10 data symbols, followed by the sync sequence, followed by the remaining data symbols.

Default: 0

error in

Error conditions that occur before this node runs. The node responds to this input according to standard error behavior.

Default: no error

reset?

A Boolean that determines whether the node continues demodulating using the previous iteration states.

 TRUE Restarts the demodulator. The node resets on the first call and when reset? is set to TRUE. FALSE Continues demodulating using the previous iteration states. The input complex waveform is contiguous with the input complex waveform from the previous iteration of this node.

Default: TRUE

recovered complex waveform

The time-aligned and oversampled complex waveform data after matched filtering, frequency offset correction, and phase offset correction. The frequency offset and phase offset corrections are scalar values applied to the entire block.

t0

Time of the first value in the Y array.

dt

Time interval between data values in the Y array.

Default: 1.0

Y

The complex-valued signal-only baseband modulated waveform. The real and imaginary parts of this complex data array correspond to the in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) data, respectively.

output bit stream

The demodulated information bit stream.

Note

For systems with more than 1 bit per symbol the symbols are converted to bits in least significant bit (LSB) first order. For example, if the detected symbols are 2,1,... the generated bits are 0,1,1,0...

measurements

Measurements performed by the demodulator.

frequency offset

The measured carrier frequency offset, in hertz (Hz). The measured frequency offset is removed from the recovered complex waveform.

frequency drift

The measured carrier frequency drift, in Hz. The measured frequency drift is not removed from the recovered complex waveform.

phase offset

The measured phase offset, in degrees. The measured phase offset is removed from the recovered complex waveform.

sync found index

Symbol index within the input complex waveform where the peak correlation to the sync sequence was found. If no sync sequence is specified in the synchronization parameters cluster, the sync found index parameter returns the offset from the start of the input complex waveform to the first complete symbol.

error out

Error information. The node produces this output according to standard error behavior.